FALLOW DEER

The Fallow deer is the most widespread exotic deer in the world having been introduced to all inhabited continents on earth.  It belongs to the Cervidae family and is closely related to other deer species such as the Red Deer and Sika Deer.  Fallow Deer are known for their striking appearance and elegant demeanor.  The Fallow Deer is native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe and Asia Minor, but it has been introduced to various other regions around the world for hunting and conservation purposes.  Fallow Deer have a long history in Europe, where they have been revered in mythology and art, and hunted for their meat and antlers.  Fallow deer now exist in many regions outside of Europe and the UK including significant herds in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Peru, New Zealand, South Africa, and several locations in the United States, particularly in Texas.

Characteristics:

Fallow Deer vary in size depending on their subspecies and location, but they are generally medium-sized deer.  Adult males, known as bucks, typically weigh between 70 to 120 kilograms (150 to 260 pounds), while females, known as does, are smaller, weighing between 40 to 60 kilograms (90 to 130 pounds).  Fallow Deer have a slender build with long legs, which enable them to navigate dense vegetation and open grasslands with ease.

They have a distinctive appearance, with a reddish-brown coat that may vary in coloration depending on the subspecies and individual genetics.  Fallow Deer also have white spots scattered across their body, particularly prominent on younger individuals.

Fallow Deer in Texas is variable with three colors:

White- Born tan with dark eyes.  They are not an albino.  These have a striking appearance and make a very attractive mount.

Rust – Rust color with white rump patch and belly, white spots on back and sides, looking very similar to an Axis deer.

Black- Often referred to as “chocolate” in Texas, these Fallow are very dark but not black.

The size and shape of the horns vary widely and can be elaborately branched.  The antlers are shed and regrown annually.  Asymmetry is desired but not always found.  TCB Ranch has some attractive Fallows with great genetics.

Mating Habits:

Fallow Deer are polygynous, with males competing for access to females during the breeding season, known as the rut.  Dominant males establish territories and engage in vocalizations, displays, and physical contests with rival males to assert dominance and secure mating opportunities.

The rut typically occurs in the fall, with mating taking place during this time.  Females may be receptive to mating for a short period, and males aggressively defend their territories and mate with multiple females, up to 20-35 in a single rut.

Diet:

Fallow Deer are herbivores, feeding primarily on a variety of vegetation including grasses, herbs, shrubs, leaves, and tree bark.  They are known to be selective feeders, preferring tender shoots and young foliage and are very adaptable with regards to diet.  Food availability determines whether Fallow deer are gazers or browsers. Increased competition for browse and forbs (preferred by whitetail deer and other species) push Fallow deer to consume more grasses, which are plentiful at the TCB.

Taste of Venison:

Fallow Deer venison is highly regarded for its flavor and tenderness.  It is often described as mild and slightly sweet, with a rich and succulent taste.  The meat of the Fallow deer is sometimes referred to as the “King of Venison” and has a tender texture and beef like flavor.  Being free ranging and all natural with no added hormones or antibiotics on the TCB Ranch, the meat is lean and low in fat, making it a healthy choice for those looking to reduce their fat intake.  Fallow venison is lower in cholesterol than chicken, 1/3 the calories of beef and has less than 5% fat.

When properly prepared, Fallow Deer venison can be used in a variety of culinary dishes, including steaks, roasts, stews, and sausages.

In summary, Fallow Deer are valued for their cultural significance, ecological role, and high-quality venison.  They have become established in many parts of the world outside their native range, where they are valued for both their recreational value to hunters and their impact on local ecosystems.